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The ketogenic diet as a treatment for acute brain injured ICU patients : a preliminary randomized prospective study
Position du problème et objectif(s) de l’étude
The ketogenic diet is a low carbohydrate, high fat, adequate protein diet that was initially introduced as a drug resistant epilepsy treatment in children, then it was suggested to have beneficial effects on other neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and most recently acute brain injury. Objectives: This study aims as primary objectives: (i) to assess the safety, feasibility and tolerability of the KD in ABI patients admitted to the ICU and (ii)to define the impact of the ketogenic diet on neurological outcomes in critically ill patients with acute rain injuries. And as secondary objectives: to assess the effectiveness of ketogenic diet in improving cerebral electrical activities, its association with complications, and its eventual impact on mortality.
Matériel et méthodes
The current study is a prospective, randomized, analytical study, assessing the tolerability, safety and feasibility of the ketogenic diet on acute brain injured patients in ICU on a duration of 1 year (from October 1st 2023 to October 1st 2024)
Résultats & Discussion
9 patients were enrolled in the study, 3 in the control group and 6 in the ketogenic diet group; the KD group patients showed a superior amelioration in GCS and FOUR scores, a higher motor functions recovery compared to the control group. The KD group presented with a higher rate of ICU related complications, and a lower mortality rate; compared to the control group. The main adverse effects noted in the KD group were gastro-intestinal ones: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; and asthenia.
Conclusion
Our study concluded that KD is safe, feasible and tolerable to use as a treatment in acute brain injured patients in ICU; and despite the small sample sized, a favorable neurological outcome was observed with a KD compared to a standard feeding.
Auteurs
Marouane JIDAL (1) , Soumia OUZEGZA (2), Achraf JEDDAB (1), Mohammed Rabii ANDALOUSSI (1), Khalil MOUNIR (1), Abdelhamid JAAFARI (1), Hicham BALKHI (1) - (1)Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department Of Anesthesia And Critical Care, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Rabat, Maroc, (2)Neurology Department, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Rabat, Maroc